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<element name="CashAndCashEquivalentsAndAvailableForSaleSecuritiesGrossUnrealizedLosses" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" id="mdgl_CashAndCashEquivalentsAndAvailableForSaleSecuritiesGrossUnrealizedLosses" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:balance="credit" />
<element name="CashAndCashEquivalentsAndAvailableForSaleSecuritiesGrossUnrealizedGains" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" id="mdgl_CashAndCashEquivalentsAndAvailableForSaleSecuritiesGrossUnrealizedGains" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:balance="debit" />
<element name="AccruedOtherClinicalStudyRelatedCostsCurrent" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" id="mdgl_AccruedOtherClinicalStudyRelatedCostsCurrent" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:balance="credit" />
<element name="AccruedContractResearchCostsCurrent" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" id="mdgl_AccruedContractResearchCostsCurrent" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:balance="credit" />
<element name="AccruedCompensationAndBenefitsCurrent" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" id="mdgl_AccruedCompensationAndBenefitsCurrent" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:balance="credit" />
<element name="LoanFacilityMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_LoanFacilityMember" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="DebtDescriptionAxis" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_DebtDescriptionAxis" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:dimensionItem" />
<element name="DebtDescriptionDomain" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_DebtDescriptionDomain" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="DrawnInTwoSeparateTranchesUponAchievementofResmetiromClinicalAndRegulatoryMilestoneSMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_DrawnInTwoSeparateTranchesUponAchievementofResmetiromClinicalAndRegulatoryMilestoneSMember" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="LongTermDebtFloorInterestRatePercentage" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" id="mdgl_LongTermDebtFloorInterestRatePercentage" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="DebtInstrumentInterestPaymentsTerms" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_DebtInstrumentInterestPaymentsTerms" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="PercenatgeOfTermChargesOnAggregatePrincipalAmount" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_PercenatgeOfTermChargesOnAggregatePrincipalAmount" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="CommonStockVotingRightsNumber" type="xbrli:integerItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_CommonStockVotingRightsNumber" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="ConvertibleSeriesPreferredStockMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_ConvertibleSeriesPreferredStockMember" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="PreferredStockNumberOfVotingRights" type="xbrli:integerItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" id="mdgl_PreferredStockNumberOfVotingRights" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="CowenCo.LlcMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_CowenCo.LlcMember" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="RemainingSecuritiesUnderShelfRegistrationValue" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" id="mdgl_RemainingSecuritiesUnderShelfRegistrationValue" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:balance="credit" />
<element name="CommonStockAggregateOfferingPrice" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_CommonStockAggregateOfferingPrice" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:balance="credit" />
<element name="AgreementAxis" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_AgreementAxis" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:dimensionItem" />
<element name="AgreementDomain" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_AgreementDomain" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="TwoThousandTwentyOneSalesAgreementMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_TwoThousandTwentyOneSalesAgreementMember" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="AtTheMarketIssuanceSalesAgreementMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_AtTheMarketIssuanceSalesAgreementMember" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="RemainingMilestonePayments" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" id="mdgl_RemainingMilestonePayments" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:balance="credit" />
<element name="ResearchDevelopmentAndCommercializationAgreementMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_ResearchDevelopmentAndCommercializationAgreementMember" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element name="HoffmanLaRocheMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" id="mdgl_HoffmanLaRocheMember" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
</schema>
