<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?>
<!-- Created by Merrill Corporation -->
<!--XBRL document created with Merrill Bridge  8.1.0.105 -->
<!--Based on XBRL 2.1-->
<!--Created on: 8/6/2018 10:53:20 AM-->
<!--Modified on: 8/6/2018 10:53:20 AM-->
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/20180630" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:attributeFormDefault="unqualified" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:num="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" xmlns:ref="http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref" xmlns:xl="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/XLink" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:nonnum="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mdgl="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/20180630" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2018-01-31" xmlns:us-types="http://fasb.org/us-types/2018-01-31" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2018-01-31" xmlns:negated="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negated">
  <xsd:annotation>
    <xsd:appinfo>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedBalanceSheets" id="StatementCondensedConsolidatedBalanceSheets">
        <link:definition>00100 - Statement - Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" id="StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations">
        <link:definition>00200 - Statement - Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfComprehensiveLoss" id="StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfComprehensiveLoss">
        <link:definition>00300 - Statement - Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" id="StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows">
        <link:definition>00400 - Statement - Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureCashCashEquivalentsAndMarketableSecuritiesDetails" id="DisclosureCashCashEquivalentsAndMarketableSecuritiesDetails">
        <link:definition>40401 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" id="DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation">
        <link:definition>00090 - Document - Document and Entity Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" id="StatementCondensedConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical">
        <link:definition>00105 - Statement - Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureOrganizationBusinessAndBasisOfPresentation" id="DisclosureOrganizationBusinessAndBasisOfPresentation">
        <link:definition>10101 - Disclosure - Organization, Business, and Basis of Presentation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies" id="DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies">
        <link:definition>10201 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureLiquidityAndUncertainties" id="DisclosureLiquidityAndUncertainties">
        <link:definition>10301 - Disclosure - Liquidity and Uncertainties</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureCashCashEquivalentsAndMarketableSecurities" id="DisclosureCashCashEquivalentsAndMarketableSecurities">
        <link:definition>10401 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockBasedCompensation" id="DisclosureStockBasedCompensation">
        <link:definition>10601 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingencies" id="DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingencies">
        <link:definition>10701 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" id="DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies">
        <link:definition>20202 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" id="DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables">
        <link:definition>30203 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureCashCashEquivalentsAndMarketableSecuritiesTables" id="DisclosureCashCashEquivalentsAndMarketableSecuritiesTables">
        <link:definition>30403 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockBasedCompensationTables" id="DisclosureStockBasedCompensationTables">
        <link:definition>30603 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesIncomeTaxesDetails" id="DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesIncomeTaxesDetails">
        <link:definition>40201 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Income Taxes (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesBasicAndDilutedLossPerCommonShareDetails" id="DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesBasicAndDilutedLossPerCommonShareDetails">
        <link:definition>40202 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Basic and Diluted Loss Per Common Share (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureLiquidityAndUncertaintiesDetails" id="DisclosureLiquidityAndUncertaintiesDetails">
        <link:definition>40301 - Disclosure - Liquidity and Uncertainties (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockholdersEquityCommonStockDetails" id="DisclosureStockholdersEquityCommonStockDetails">
        <link:definition>40501 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity - Common Stock (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockholdersEquityRegisteredOfferingDetails" id="DisclosureStockholdersEquityRegisteredOfferingDetails">
        <link:definition>40502 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity - Registered Offering (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockholdersEquityJune2017PrivatePlacementDetails" id="DisclosureStockholdersEquityJune2017PrivatePlacementDetails">
        <link:definition>40503 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity - June 2017 Private Placement (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockholdersEquityAtMarketIssuancesDetails" id="DisclosureStockholdersEquityAtMarketIssuancesDetails">
        <link:definition>40504 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity - At The Market Issuances (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockBasedCompensationStockOptionDetails" id="DisclosureStockBasedCompensationStockOptionDetails">
        <link:definition>40601 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation - Stock Option (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockBasedCompensationRestrictedCommonStockDetails" id="DisclosureStockBasedCompensationRestrictedCommonStockDetails">
        <link:definition>40602 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation - Restricted Common Stock (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockBasedCompensationExpenseDetails" id="DisclosureStockBasedCompensationExpenseDetails">
        <link:definition>40603 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation - Expense (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockBasedCompensationUnrecognizedExpenseDetails" id="DisclosureStockBasedCompensationUnrecognizedExpenseDetails">
        <link:definition>40604 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation - Unrecognized Expense (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails" id="DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails">
        <link:definition>40701 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.madrigalpharma.com/role/DisclosureStockholdersEquity" id="DisclosureStockholdersEquity">
        <link:definition>10501 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mdgl-20180630_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" />
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mdgl-20180630_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" />
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mdgl-20180630_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" />
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mdgl-20180630_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" />
    </xsd:appinfo>
  </xsd:annotation>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric-2009-12-16.xsd" />
  <xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd" />
  <xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negated" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd" />
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2018-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2018/dei-2018-01-31.xsd" />
  <xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-roles/2018-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-roles-2018-01-31.xsd" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2018-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2018-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <xsd:element name="PatentsPolicyTextBlock" id="mdgl_PatentsPolicyTextBlock" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element name="HoffmanLaRocheMember" id="mdgl_HoffmanLaRocheMember" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element name="DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" id="mdgl_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element name="ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationExpenseAllocationOfCompensationCostsAndRecognizedPeriodCostsTableTextBlock" id="mdgl_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationExpenseAllocationOfCompensationCostsAndRecognizedPeriodCostsTableTextBlock" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element name="MaturityPeriodFromDateOfPurchaseToClassifyInvestmentAsMarketableSecurities" id="mdgl_MaturityPeriodFromDateOfPurchaseToClassifyInvestmentAsMarketableSecurities" type="xbrli:durationItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element name="CashAndCashEquivalentsAndAvailableForSaleSecuritiesGrossUnrealizedGains" id="mdgl_CashAndCashEquivalentsAndAvailableForSaleSecuritiesGrossUnrealizedGains" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:balance="debit" xbrli:periodType="instant" />
  <xsd:element name="CashAndCashEquivalentsAndAvailableForSaleSecuritiesGrossUnrealizedLosses" id="mdgl_CashAndCashEquivalentsAndAvailableForSaleSecuritiesGrossUnrealizedLosses" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:balance="credit" xbrli:periodType="instant" />
  <element id="mdgl_CommonStockAggregateOfferingPrice" name="CommonStockAggregateOfferingPrice" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <xsd:element name="PercentageOfGrossProceedsPayableAsCommission" id="mdgl_PercentageOfGrossProceedsPayableAsCommission" type="num:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element id="mdgl_CommonStockVotingRightsNumber" name="CommonStockVotingRightsNumber" nillable="true" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <xsd:element name="AtTheMarketIssuanceSalesAgreementMember" id="mdgl_AtTheMarketIssuanceSalesAgreementMember" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element id="mdgl_CowenCo.LlcMember" name="CowenCo.LlcMember" nillable="true" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_SalesAgreementTerminationNoticePeriodDays" name="SalesAgreementTerminationNoticePeriodDays" nillable="true" type="xbrli:durationItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_LiquidityAndUncertaintiesDisclosureAbstract" name="LiquidityAndUncertaintiesDisclosureAbstract" nillable="true" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_DeferredTaxAssetsPercentageOfValuationAllowance" name="DeferredTaxAssetsPercentageOfValuationAllowance" nillable="true" type="num:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_ResearchDevelopmentAndCommercializationAgreementMember" name="ResearchDevelopmentAndCommercializationAgreementMember" nillable="true" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_RemainingMilestonePayments" name="RemainingMilestonePayments" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_RemainingSecuritiesUnderShelfRegistrationValue" name="RemainingSecuritiesUnderShelfRegistrationValue" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementMember" name="SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementMember" nillable="true" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_ConvertibleSeriesPreferredStockMember" name="ConvertibleSeriesPreferredStockMember" nillable="true" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_CashCashEquivalentsAndShortTermInvestmentsAtCost" name="CashCashEquivalentsAndShortTermInvestmentsAtCost" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquityNet" name="ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquityNet" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_PreferredStockNumberOfVotingRights" name="PreferredStockNumberOfVotingRights" nillable="true" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_CorporateDebtSecurities2Member" name="CorporateDebtSecurities2Member" nillable="true" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_GoldmanSachsCoMember" name="GoldmanSachsCoMember" nillable="true" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_UnderwritingAgreementMember" name="UnderwritingAgreementMember" nillable="true" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_RegisteredOfferingMember" name="RegisteredOfferingMember" nillable="true" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
  <element id="mdgl_SaleOfStockPeriodGrantedToPurchaseAdditionalShares" name="SaleOfStockPeriodGrantedToPurchaseAdditionalShares" nillable="true" type="xbrli:durationItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" />
</xsd:schema>
